Assignment Answers Pdf Of Decision Support System:BMP4005

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BSc (Hons) Business Management
Cohort 2
BMP4005
Information Systems and Big Data Analysis
Information Systems & IT Solution
2019/2020
February 2020/Semester 1
Submitted by:
Name:
ID:
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2
2. Task 1: Theories, methods and techniques which relate to the design and
development for Two of the IT solutions listed here: (i) McAfee; (ii) Moodle; (iii)
Canvas; (iv) MS Office ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
3. Task 2: Explanation of the systems below with relevant examples ………………………. 3
3.1 DSS (Decision Support System) …………………………………………………………………….. 3
3.2 ESS (Executive Support System) …………………………………………………………………… 4
3.3 TPS (Transaction Processing System) …………………………………………………………… 5
3.4 MIS (Management Information System) …………………………………………………………. 5
3.5 KMS (Knowledge Management System) ………………………………………………………… 5
4. Task 3: Globalization and the effects of IT on globalization …………………………………. 6
5. Task 4: Definition, examples, advantages and disadvantages of a digital
infrastructure ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
6. Task 5: Risks associated with information systems outsourcing and why is IT
infrastructure so critical to digital transformation! ……………………………………………………… 7
6.1 Risks associated with information systems outsourcing …………………………………. 7
6.2 Why is IT infrastructure so critical to digital transformation …………………………….. 8
7. Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9
8. References …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9
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1. Introduction
An information system could be termed as a formalized, organizational as well as
socio technical system, which is being designed for collection, processing, storage
and distribution of information. These distinctive information systems are comprised
by 4 components, which include tasks, individuals, structures and technologies
(Almaiah 2018 ). Information systems can easily facilitate the process of decision
making. A major emphasis is needed to be placed on the information systems for
having a definite boundary, processors, storage, users, inputs, outputs and
communications networks. This report provides an outline on different aspects of
information systems.
2. Task 1: Theories, methods and techniques which relate to the design and
development for Two of the IT solutions listed here: (i) McAfee; (ii) Moodle; (iii)
Canvas; (iv) MS Office
Two of the most distinctive IT solutions are McAfee and MS Office. The details of
these IT solutions are provided in the following paragraphs:
i) McAfee :McAfee is considered as one of the best tools of antivirus by various
security experts and users. The tool comprises of an excellent malware detection
rates, several extra features, such as a virtual private network or a password
manager as well as proper customer support (Apollonio et al. 2018 ). This particular
tool is being designed and developed with major technologies like firewall, public key
infrastructure and file encryption. There are two types of McAfee antivirus, which are
McAfee Live Safe and McAfee Total Protection. McAfee Live Safe eventually
provides a biometric system in the personalized locker of McAfee, which can provide
1GB of secured cloud storage for the personalized documents or files as well as data
and McAfee Total Protection can protect the files with 128 bits encryption.
There are 4 major methodologies of virus â€detection that include scanning, integrity
checking, interceptions and heuristic detection. Scanning as well as interceptions are
referred to as quite common methodologies for virus detection and better efficiency
(Arif et al. 2020 ). The software is being developed with the agile as well as
continuous integration and constant delivery methodology and these methodologies
or practices are termed as the parts of the agile software development lifecycle.
Configuration development and patch management are also being considered for
ensuring that the overall management is appropriate and every negative aspect is
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avoided. Endpoint security is involved as a major technique for McAfee antivirus for
securing end points or entry points of end users â€devices like mobile devices, laptops
and desktops from getting used by the malicious actors. Such security systems also
secure these end points over a network or within the cloud from various threats
(Aydiner et al. 2019 ). As a result, there would be a better comprehensive protection
from malware and zero day threats.
ii) MS Office :Microsoft Office is the family of client software, service and server
software that is developed by Microsoft. The office suite is a bundled set of
productivity applications. Office 365 is developed under Beta channel and is written
in C++ as the back end designing. The OS is Microsoft Windows and the standard is
Office Open XML. The office applications have been distinctive for the users for
ensuring that maximum efficiency and effectiveness is considered (Dziak,
Jachimczyk and Kulesza 2017 ). It is available in 102 languages and itis aligned with
ISO/ IEC 29500 standard. Moreover, the license of the IT solution is with Trialware,
volume licensing or SaaS or software as aservice cloud service.
The developer is Microsoft and is supported by different operating systems like
Windows 10, Windows Phone, iOS, Android, Chrome iOS, Windows 10 Mobile and
iPadOS. Microsoft even has position for their application as a specified development
platform for the line of business software. Office is being produced in various
versions that are targeted towards several end users as well as a computing
environment. The most broadly utilized version of Microsoft Office is the desktop
version that is available for PCs and is running the operating systems of macOS and
Windows.
3. Task 2: Explanation of the systems below with relevant examples
3.1 DSS (Decision Support System)
A decision support system or DSS refers to as a computerized program, which is
being used for supporting different actions â€course, judgment and determination in a
business. This particular information system sifts through and completes analyses
major amounts of data by compiling comprehensive information, which could be
utilized for solving problems and even for the process of decision making
(Henningsson, Yetton and Wynne 2018 ). A DSS serves the operations, planning and
management levels of a business and helping the other members to make
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appropriate decisions regarding issues that might be rapidly evolving and not easily
specified distinctively.
Moreover, a DSS could be either fully human powered or computerized or even a
combination of both. The most distinct benefits of a DSS are improvement of
efficiency and the speed of the activities for decision making, increase of the overall
control, capability or competitiveness of the futuristic aspect of decision making of
the business and even facilitation of the interpersonal communication with an
encouragement of training and learning (Iivari 2017 ). For example, in GPS route
planning, a DSS could be utilized for planning the best and the fastest routes within 2
points by the proper analyses of the available alternatives. These distinct systems
also involve the core capability of monitoring the traffic in real time for routing around
congestion.
3.2 ESS (Executive Support System)
An ESS or executive support system is a specific management support system that
eventually facilitates as well as provides support to all senior executive with
information and decision making requirements. It is responsible for providing easier
accessibility to the internal or external information, which is completely relevant to
the business objectives (Jia, Guo and Barnes 2017 ). ESS emphasizes the easy to
use the user interfaces and they even offer stronger reporting and identify all
capabilities. Moreover, the top level executives would be analyzing, comparing and
even highlighting various trends in the most distinctive variables, so that they could
monitor the performances and even identify the major issues and opportunities.
Data warehousing and ESS technologies are converging in the market place
(Marnewick 2017 ). The most significant benefits of an ESS include augmentation of
the managers â€leadership abilities, increment of the personalized thinking or decision
making process, major contribution to the strategic controlling flexibility and even
enhancement of the organizational competitiveness successfully. There are a few
instruments of change that are required to be considered on a top level priority. The
major examples of an ESS are external database, technology report like patent
record, government policies, financial reports and information, market reports and
many more.
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3.3 TPS (Transaction Processing System)
A TPS or transaction processing system is a specific information system, which is
majorly responsible for the collection, storage, modification and even retrieval of the
data related transactions of a company (Morean, Krishnan-Sarin and Oâ€Malley 2018 ).
A TPS even attempts in providing predicable response times to requests for the real
time results. Transaction processing is distinctive from and could be successfully
contrasted with other computerized processing models like batch processing, real
time processing and time sharing. Batch processing is the major execution of
programs over a system without any kind of manual intervention. Various
transactions are being collected or processed and the outcome of every transaction
is not accessible as soon as the transaction is being entered. The main
characteristics of a TPS are performances, continuous accessibility, data integrity as
well as modular growth (Paustian et al. 2019 ). The examples involve systems, which
manage sales order entry, payroll, manufacturing and shipping and airline
reservations.
3.4 MIS (Management Information System)
A management information system or MIS could be termed as an information system,
which is being used for making decisions and even for the collaboration, control,
analysis and even information visualization within a business. It includes various
individuals, technologies and processes within a business context (Rusyn, Vysotska
and Pohreliuk 2018 ). The main objective of the usage of a MIS is increasing the
value as well as profit of the organization and it is being done by providing the
managers with accurate information. The practical usage of a MIS can be considered
for solving issues and even evaluating information. The main examples of a MIS are
Microsoft Dynamics, Clarity Professional MIS and many more.
3.5 KMS (Knowledge Management System)
A KMS or knowledge management system refers to as an information technology
system that is responsible for storing and retrieving knowledge for the core purpose
of improving understanding, collaboration and even processing alignment (Salam
and Farooq 2020 ). These KSMs could also exist in a team or a business; however,
they could even be utilized for centering the knowledge base for the customers and
users. Hence, employees and customers are enabled for creating, sharing and
finding relevant information quickly. It also involves maintenance of information in a
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specific location, in which it is easier to access. The main examples of a KSM are
research and insights libraries, customer service knowledge bases and online
community forums.
4. Task 3: Globalization and the effects of IT on globalization
Globalization could be defined as the procedure of interactions and integration
among individuals, businesses and governments in the entire world. It has been
increased majorly for the advancements in communications, technology and
transportation. Such increment in the global interactions has caused a major growth
and development in the international trade and even in the subsequent exchange of
ideas, beliefs and culture (Soler, Melero and Luz ón 2017 ). It also involves products,
services, data, economic resources of capital and even technology. The major
expansion of the globalized markets includes the economic activities of the overall
exchange of products and resources.
Information technology can facilitate the effortless exchanging of information globally
and even the distinct expansion of resources from various countries. Such expansion
can lead to new ideologies and products and even new methods of doing business.
IT has also led to the overall emergence of the global demonstration and different
barriers of technological aspects would be reduced (Vogl 2020 ). Major
advancements within a technology have eventually facilitated globalization and the
overall progress of technology has been adistinct force that brings globalization.
Technological breakthroughs force all organizations for becoming globalized by
incrementing the economies of scale or the market size required to break even.
Moreover, such advancements decrease the expenses of transportations and
communications within different countries and also facilitate globalized sourcing of
the raw materials as well as other inputs (Xu, Li and Wang 2017 ). Patented
technology also encourages this globalization as the business owning this patent
could exploit all foreign markets without involving any competition. Hence, the effects
of IT are positive in globalization.
5. Task 4: Definition, examples, advantages and disadvantages of a digital
infrastructure
A digital infrastructure could be defined as the involvement of a few digital
technologies, which can provide the overall foundation for the IT and operations of
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an organization. It is responsible for enabling the overall connectivity that are being
used by the users. A proper and effective integration planning is being identified in
the attribute and hence all types of negative impacts are reduced successfully (Yang
et al. 2020 ). It is needed to establish the right industry and regulatory policies for
encouraging infrastructure investment and reducing the cost of network infrastructure.
As a result, the overall collaboration and coordination would be enhanced within the
information and communication technology and across industries.
One of the most distinct and noteworthy examples of a digital infrastructure is
Internet of Things or IoT. The other examples are mobile networks, data centers,
Internet, end user devices and communication satellites (Yuniarto et al. 2018 ). The
advantages of the Internet of Things are provided below:
i) The first and the foremost advantage of IoT is improved productivity of staff and
reduced human labor for the business.
ii) There would be an efficient operation management and even better usage of
assets and resources.
iii) Another vital advantage is the cost effective operation and improved work safety.
iv) Moreover, IoT can provide a thorough marketing and business development as a
digital infrastructure (Zhang et al. 2018 ).
v) The business can get better business opportunities as well as improved
customers â€services and retention.
In spite of having these advantages, there are a few disadvantages of IoT and these
are provided below:
i) There is a high chance of security flaw in the digital infrastructure and as a result,
security and privacy issues are increased.
ii) The associated costs of IoT are increased for the business (Zhu et al. 2018 ).
iii) There can be a chance of power supply dependency and even network
dependency.
6. Task 5: Risks associated with information systems outsourcing and why is
IT infrastructure so critical to digital transformation!
6.1 Risks associated with information systems outsourcing
There are a few distinct and noteworthy risks that are related to information systems â€
outsourcing. Such outsourcing is the business â€practice to utilize external providers
for handling IT functionalities like software development, software support and
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infrastructure solutions (Soler, Melero and Luz ón 2017 ). The most significant
reasons for outsourcing are accessibility to better skills, cost to quality ratio and even
ease of up scaling. The major risks are provided below:
i) Inexperienced staff is one of the most distinctive risk associated with information
systems outsourcing. Hence, process management can be difficult. This particular
risk can also be vulnerable for the team as the team members do not comprise of
accurate knowledge and verification of the knowledge would be difficult.
ii) There is a high risk of loss of control in information system outsourcing (Aydiner et
al. 2019 ). When a business transfers responsibility for the development as well as
running the information system to the next business and hence it might lose control
of the functions of the information system. As a result, there would be a major
dependency on the vendors and the control would be lost.
iii) The costs would be increased to a high level for the information system
outsourcing and hence, major issues would be identified financially.
iv) There is also a high risk of vulnerability of the strategic information management
in information system outsourcing (Dziak, Jachimczyk and Kulesza 2017 ). The
confidential information might be leaked to the competitors the course of information
system outsourcing.
v) The business management remains dependent on the business of vendor and
hence information system outsourcing can be quite difficult.
6.2 Why is IT infrastructure so critical to digital transformation
IT infrastructure can be termed as the distinct set of different information technology
or IT components, which are referred to as the main foundation of an IT service,
physical components and even network or software components. This particular
infrastructure is extremely critical and vital for digital transformation to bring out new
and effective solutions for the business processes and operations (Henningsson,
Yetton and Wynne 2018 ). IT infrastructure management can be termed as
responsible for optimizing the productivity of the individuals.
The most efficient IT infrastructure management is helpful for the improvement of the
performance of technological systems, enhances users †experiences and even
increases uptime. As a result, digital transformation becomes quite easier for the
business processes and operations (Almaiah 2018 ). Different digital technologies
can be used for the core purpose of creating new and even changing every existing
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business procedure, customer experience and culture for meeting the changing
business and market requirements. Hence, IT infrastructure provides major and
maximum benefits to the process of digital transformation.
7. Conclusion
Hence, a conclusion could be drawn that an information system comprises of several
vital and significant components for collection, storage and processing of data for
successfully providing accurate information and knowledge. These are a few
interconnected elements that are working together for better coordination. The main
purpose of such a system is turning the raw data into accurate information, which
could be utilized for decision making in a business. The most distinct examples of
the information system are DSS, ESS, and TPS, MIS, KMS and many more. The
above provided report has focused on different aspects of information systems with
relevant details.
8. References
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Rizzo, F., Rubino, A.R. and Scopigno, R., 2018. A 3D-centered information system
for the documentation of a complex restoration intervention. Journal of Cultural
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Arif, D., Yucha, N., Setiawan, S., Oktarina, D. and Martah, V., 2020. Applications of
goods mutation control form in accounting information system: A case study in
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Dziak, D., Jachimczyk, B. and Kulesza, W.J., 2017. IoT-based information system for
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Henningsson, S., Yetton, P.W. and Wynne, P.J., 2018. A review of information
system integration in mergers and acquisitions. Journal of information
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Iivari, J., 2017. Information system artefact or information system application: that is
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Xu, W., Li, M. and Wang, X., 2017. Information fusion based on information entropy
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